Posted: Wed Jan 17, 2024 1:31pm
You can still be taxed in UK on certain pensions and income. I pay taxes to UK on 2 pensions and also taxes in Spain on 2 pensions. We cannot vote in Spanish general elections unless we take out citizenship, not residency. You can only do this after living here for 10 years, passing an exam on Spanish history and current affairs and attending a 30 minute interview in Spanish. You must then rescind your UK citizenship (dual citizenship not allowed in Spain) and swear allegiance to the King of Spain providing you can prove integration into the Spanish life such as working in citizenship projects, social welfare schemes etc. Not an easy thing to do. I actually went through the procedure and completed it but withdrew my application at the last stage as I did not want to lose my UK citizenship nor swear allegiance.
Regarding health. No, it does not come under the Spanish NHS unless you have paid social security payments and this applies to Spanish as well. Most residents will have paid the equivalent under National Insurance in UK. If not coming under the provisions of the S1 which is drawing a pension, under 18, being pregnant or having some high level of disability, you have to pay for private health insurance. If you have an S1 then the UK pays for your healthcare as that is the place you have paid your social security contributions to. And, yes, that is only as a resident.
Your state pension is paid by UK again because that's where you paid your contributions. That pension is taxed in Spain but you do not have the right to vote in their national elections, just local council ones.
So your pension and health rights come under UK which then makes sense to be able to vote in elections that concern you.